![]() ![]() The possibility of forming hydrogen metal under high pressure was anticipated. It also became clear that atoms and molecules under pressure could behave differently. Similar results followed for hydrogen molecule ion inside a cylinder. It became apparent that the energy of the bound states of the confined system increased beyond the energy of a free hydrogen atom indicating that a proton and an electron could coexist in the confined space and yet may not constitute a hydrogen atom. Subsequent to solving the hydrogen atom problem and accounting for the hydrogen atom spectrum by quantum mechanics, the problem of confining a hydrogen atom to a sphere of finite radius was solved. That a quantum mechanical system could have a nonzero energy even at 0 K was its consequence. The uncertainty in its position and the uncertainty in its momentum are in keeping with the Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle. The more confined a particle in space is, the higher is its energy. Solutions of this model confined system revealed several aspects of a quantum mechanical system. One of them, perhaps the simplest, was the particle-in-a-box problem. ![]() Soon after the discovery of quantum mechanics, several model systems were developed. ![]()
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